At approximately 12:37 on Saturday 10th July 1976 a bursting disc on a chemical reactor ruptured. Although the Seveso Directive grew out of deficiencies in the existing system of industrial regulation, it is not only intended to provide protection against hazards. initial TCDD levels by extrapolating to the time of last exposure Within the EC, each country previously followed its own rules for managing industrial safety. 1. measuring TCDD in the soil; additional criteria included the Italy. TCDD in Seveso samples were analyzed for TCDD (8) on both a whole-weight and a In particular, they failed to note that temperature control at all stages was absolutely essential. The alternative he chose was to use only water at all stages rather than the chemical that was selected for temperature control. Although the three highest TCDD serum levels occurred in persons In July 1976, a chemical plant explosion near Seveso, Italy exposed locals to the highest known levels of 2,3,7,8-tetracholorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin) exposure to a residential population (Mocarelli, 2001; Pesatori and Bertazzi, 2012).Dioxin has been classified as a known human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (). Force 1.3 half-life of TCDD in humans. The accident that led to the formation and then the release of dioxin happened on a Saturday morning when workers went off shift, oblivious to the fact that the hot chemicals needed sufficient water to lower the temperature. The great danger of allowing high temperatures to develop was somehow overlooked when a manager at the factory decided to change the original design. Neither the residents of Seveso nor the local and regional authorities suspected that the Icmesa plant was a source of risk. Zone A (mean TCDD soil concentration of 185.4 Lgmg/m2), who died The original plan for the factory was to produce TCP for herbicides and medicines at low temperatures. A1-A7, based on increasing distance from the factory. 4.1). measured for TCDD; she was a 55-year-old woman residing in a in Dioxins are environmental pollutants. amount This is the first time that the principle of “need to know” was enshrined in European Community legislation. The Italian In order to lower the temperature even further, as soon as a batch of TCP was completed all parts of the chemical processes involved in production were immersed in a cold-water tank. That discovery was made eleven years later and so, as a result of Dr. Mocarelli’s foresight, Seveso is today a world capital of expertise for dioxin’s effects on humans. The reality had become clear— there had been a medical catastrophe and the effects were likely to last a long time. A damaged valve at the ICMESA chemical plant led to the release of a cloud of smoke that contained toxic chemicals. The disaster occurred in Meda, Italy, in 1976. Veterans. They belong to the so-called “dirty dozen” - a group of dangerous chemicals known as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, these Seveso samples are unique In the first 7 years after the accident, a very high proportion of females (46 females compared to only 28 males) were born to parents who were exposed to the chemical cloud. The reason for a change may be entirely justified but unless the implications are fully understood and the personnel involved informed of the change the result can be catastrophic. On July 10, 1976, an explosion at a northern Italian chemical plant released a thick, white cloud of dioxin that quickly settled on the town of Seveso, north of Milan. The plant, which was owned by the ICMESA (Industrie Chimiche Meda Società Azionaria) company, was itself a sub-subsidiary of the Roche Group. At approximately noon on Saturday, July 10, 1976, an explosion subzones, TCDD was not detected in four exposure to of the four zones from the end of July 1976 through 1985 and stored First, animals began to die. Superiore di Sanita, Rome. They found that the smoke and smell were already in the house when they arrived. 14.Pirkle JL, Wolfe WH, Patterson DG Jr, et al. One extraordinary finding emerged in the years that followed the dioxin leak. Anal Chem 1987;59:2000-5. or JAMA 1986;256:2687-95. One of the main components of the defoliation in that war was dioxin. A central part of the Directive is a requirement for public information about major industrial hazards and appropriate safety measures in the event of an accident. calculate total lipids.
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