But after Ecgberht's reign, descent from Cerdic was no longer sufficient to make a man an ætheling. Before construction began, convicts that would later be imprisoned at the site were sent in to prepare the ground, to ready it for building. He was given the epithet "the Great" in the 16th century. Simon Keynes and Michael Lapidge suggest this also for Bald's Leechbook and the anonymous Old English Martyrology. [8] Richard Abels in his biography discusses both sources but does not decide between them and dates Alfred's birth as 847/849, while Patrick Wormald in his Oxford Dictionary of National Biography article dates it 848/849. [58], Not long after the failed Danish raid in Kent, Alfred dispatched his fleet to East Anglia. The brothers had agreed that whichever of them outlived the other would inherit the personal property that King Æthelwulf had left jointly to his sons in his will. The Proverbs of Alfred, a 13th-century work, contains sayings that are not likely to have originated with Alfred but attest to his posthumous medieval reputation for wisdom. [68], Early in 894 or 895 lack of food obliged the Danes to retire once more to Essex. Vikings folgt Ragnar Lothbrok, dem größten Helden seiner Zeit, auf seinen Abenteuern. The Danes were heavily outnumbered, but as the tide rose, they returned to their boats which, with shallower drafts, were freed first. On a trip to Rome Alfred had stayed with Charles the Bald and it is possible that he may have studied how the Carolingian kings had dealt with Viking raiders. The Danish attacks had been particularly damaging to the monasteries. Dies wurde (spätestens im viktorianischen Zeitalter) als vorwegnehmende Krönung zum König von Wessex verstanden. Be the first to review “Alfred der Große” Cancel reply Your email address will not be published. [104], About a fifth of the law code is taken up by Alfred's introduction which includes translations into English of the Ten Commandments, a few chapters from the Book of Exodus, and the Apostolic Letter from the Acts of the Apostles (15:23–29). The author of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle related that Alfred's ships were larger, swifter, steadier and rode higher in the water than either Danish or Frisian ships. Dabei haben wir bewusst kein Ingenieur-Labor - Wir testen Produkte im Alltag und können daher genau sagen, ob es ein lohnender Deal ist oder nicht. [75] The double-burh blocked passage on the river, forcing Viking ships to navigate under a garrisoned bridge lined with men armed with stones, spears or arrows. His biographer Asser gave a detailed description of Alfred's symptoms, and this has allowed modern doctors to provide a possible diagnosis. [28], According to Asser, in his childhood Alfred won a beautifully decorated book of English poetry, offered as a prize by his mother to the first of her sons able to memorise it. [111], Alfred devoted considerable attention and thought to judicial matters. Bei Fehlern oder Problemen bitte das. Kannst du dich mit dem Verkäufer nicht auf eine Lösung verständigen, bekommst du vom eBay-Käuferschutz dein Geld zurück. [163] Further excavations were inconclusive in 1866 and 1897. 886 und König der Angelsachsen von c. 886 bis 899. [50] In 825, the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle recorded that the people of Essex, Sussex, Kent and Surrey had surrendered to Egbert, Alfred's grandfather. The English did not attempt a winter blockade but contented themselves with destroying all the supplies in the district. The resulting power vacuum stirred other power-hungry warlords eager to take his place in the following years. [67], Alfred had been on his way to relieve his son at Thorney when he heard that the Northumbrian and East Anglian Danes were besieging Exeter and an unnamed stronghold on the North Devon shore. For him, the key to the kingdom's spiritual revival was to appoint pious, learned, and trustworthy bishops and abbots. Unlike the translation of the Pastoral Care the Alfredian text deals very freely with the original and, though the late Dr. G. Schepss showed that many of the additions to the text are to be traced not to the translator himself[139] but to the glosses and commentaries which he used, still there is much in the work which is distinctive to the translation and has been taken to reflect philosophies of kingship in Alfred's milieu. This was not a cynical use of religion to manipulate his subjects into obedience but an intrinsic element in Alfred's worldview. Only one made it; Alfred's ships intercepted the other two. [49], In other words, Alfred succeeded to Ceolwulf's kingdom consisting of western Mercia, and Guthrum incorporated the eastern part of Mercia into an enlarged kingdom of East Anglia (henceforward known as the Danelaw). Bjorn Eisenseite, der tragische Held der Wikinger-Serie! [108], The only crime that could not be compensated with a payment of money was treachery to a lord "since Almighty God adjudged none for those who despised Him, nor did Christ, the Son of God, adjudge any for the one who betrayed Him to death; and He commanded everyone to love his lord as Himself". The New Minster monks moved to Hyde in 1110 a little north of the city, and they transferred to Hyde Abbey along with Alfred's body and those of his wife and children, which were interred before the high altar.[160]. Alfred determined their tactic was to launch small attacks from a secure base to which they could retreat should their raiders meet strong resistance. Einzelne Zusammenfassungen der neusten Folgen findet ihr in unserem Episodenguide zu Vikings Staffel 5. [122], Alfred undertook no systematic reform of ecclesiastical institutions or religious practices in Wessex. [18] The two kingdoms became allies, which was important in the resistance to Viking attacks. [78] To maintain the burhs, and to reorganise the fyrd as a standing army, Alfred expanded the tax and conscription system based on the productivity of a tenant's landholding. [68], The force under Hastein set out to march up the Thames Valley, possibly with the idea of assisting their friends in the west. A story is told by Asser about how his mother held up a book of Saxon poetry to him and his brothers, and said; "I shall give this book to whichever one of you can learn it the fastest." An attempt to break through the English lines failed. Das gilt auch dann, wenn es ein Problem bei der Rückgabe gibt. When Ecgberht died in 839, he was succeeded by his son Æthelwulf; all subsequent West Saxon kings were descendants of Ecgberht and Æthelwulf, and were also sons of kings. Oktober 899) war von 871 bis c König der Westsachsen. Verkäufer aus dem Ausland können Ihnen Artikel regulär über einen internationalen Versandservice zuschicken. [14], Alfred's grandfather, Ecgberht, became king of Wessex in 802, and in the view of the historian Richard Abels, it must have seemed very unlikely to contemporaries that he would establish a lasting dynasty. [110] In practical terms the most important law in the code may well have been the first: "We enjoin, what is most necessary, that each man keep carefully his oath and his pledge" which expresses a fundamental tenet of Anglo-Saxon law. As king, he saw himself as responsible for both the temporal and spiritual welfare of his subjects. Dies führt zu einigen Verstimmungen bei Volk und Hof und auch bei Alfreds Halbbruder Aethelred. [137] Interest in Alfred's translation of Pastoral Care was so enduring that copies were still being made in the 11th century. [68] During this period, the Viking raids were often seen as a divine punishment, and Alfred may have wished to revive religious awe in order to appease God's wrath. The failure to comply with this royal order was to be punished by loss of office. Æthelbald dies and is succeeded by his brother. [133] It is unknown when Alfred launched this programme but it may have been during the 880s when Wessex was enjoying a respite from Viking attacks. [36], While he was busy with the burial ceremonies for his brother, the Danes defeated the Saxon army in his absence at an unnamed spot and then again in his presence at Wilton in May. Asser's account of the raid places the Danish raiders at the Saxon city of Rochester,[53] where they built a temporary fortress in order to besiege the city. Alfred von Wessex wurde im Jahr 848 in Oxfordshire geboren und war jüngster Sohn des damaligen Königs Aethelwulf von Wessex. [164] The 1999 archeological excavation uncovered the foundations of the abbey buildings and some bones, suggested at the time to be those of Alfred; they proved instead to belong to an elderly woman. Während er lebt wirken u. a. auch Ludwig II. The system threatened Viking routes and communications making it far more dangerous for them. In practice, they proved to be too large to manoeuvre well in the close waters of estuaries and rivers, the only places in which a naval battle could be fought. [34], In 868, Alfred was recorded as fighting beside Æthelred in a failed attempt to keep the Great Heathen Army led by Ivar the Boneless out of the adjoining Kingdom of Mercia. [24] Ecgberht and Æthelwulf may not have intended a permanent union between Wessex and Kent because they both appointed sons as sub-kings and charters in Wessex were attested (witnessed) by West Saxon magnates, and Kentish charters were witnessed by the Kentish elite; both kings kept overall control and the sub-kings were not allowed to issue their own coinage. [109], When one turns from the domboc's introduction to the laws themselves, it is difficult to uncover any logical arrangement. Doch die Krone … ", "HomeHistory of the Monarchy: English Monarchs (400 AD – 1603): The Anglo-Saxon kings:Alfred 'The Great' (r. 871–899)", "Letter to the editor: Alfred the Great: a diagnosis", "Bones of King Alfred the Great believed to have been found in a box at Winchester City Museum", "Alfred the Great's Old English translation of Gregory the Great's Pastoral Care (MS Ii.2.4)", "Summary of Hyde Community Archaeology Project (completed in 1999)", "Alfred the Great: The Most Perfect Man in History? Haus Franken zur Miete - Alle Angebote im Immobilienmarktplatz bei immo.inFranken.de finden Sie hier. Lies dir vorher unsere Datenschutzbestimmungen durch. Alfred was a son of Æthelwulf, king of Wessex, and his wife Osburh. It was sculpted by Isidore Konti in 1910. [51], With the signing of the Treaty of Alfred and Guthrum, an event most commonly held to have taken place around 880 when Guthrum's people began settling East Anglia, Guthrum was neutralised as a threat. Diese Krönung hätte Leo aber nicht vorhersehen können, hatte Alfred doch zu diesem Zeitpunkt noch drei lebende ältere Brüder. Alle Informationen findet ihr in unserer Charakterbiografie. der Deutsche (806–876), und Karl II. Diese 3 Details lassen Netflix-Zuschauern keine Ruhe, Harry Potter- und Peaky Blinders-Star Helen McCrory ist tot, Negan-Star teilt Bild seines Zombie-Sohnes aus Staffel 11, Trailer, News und alle Infos zu Staffel 19 mit Mark Harmon, L.A. Staffel 12: So seht ihr die neuen Folgen schon jetzt in Deutschland, Kaufberatung, Testberichte und Vergleiche, Drama, Action & Adventure, Action, Abenteuer, Historie, Dokumentarfilm, Shaw Media, World 2000 Entertainment, Take 5 Productions, British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), BBC-TV Productions. Later in his reign, the North Welsh followed their example and the latter cooperated with the English in the campaign of 893 (or 894). [57], After the signing of the treaty with Guthrum, Alfred was spared any large-scale conflicts for some time. Er war der jüngste Sohn von König Æthelwulf von Wessex. The last words of it may be quoted; they form a fitting epitaph for the noblest of English kings. In January 878, the Danes made a sudden attack on Chippenham, a royal stronghold in which Alfred had been staying over Christmas "and most of the people they killed, except the King Alfred, and he with a little band made his way by wood and swamp, and after Easter he made a fort at Athelney in the marshes of Somerset, and from that fort kept fighting against the foe". Comparatively early in his reign, according to Asser, the southern Welsh princes, owing to the pressure on them from North Wales and Mercia, commended themselves to Alfred. Alfred the Great (848/9 – 26 October 899) was king of the West Saxons from 871 to c. 886 and king of the Anglo-Saxons from c. 886 to 899. 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